FERC last week approved Wabash Valley Power Association’s acquisition of a 5% interest in two 800-MW coal-fired units at the Prairie State Energy Campus for $57 million — less than a quarter of what seller Peabody Energy paid (EC16-62).
Prairie State Energy Campus Source: Peabody Energy
Wabash Valley, an Indianapolis-based generation and transmission cooperative, said the transaction will add 83 MW to its 1,105 MW of generation capacity, most of which is in MISO.
Peabody Energy, which had paid $246 million for its share in Prairie State, agreed to sell to Wabash Valley following a competitive bidding process, part of a restructuring that has resulted in the sales of almost $500 million in assets since last year. Nevertheless, Peabody, the world’s largest private-sector coal company, said last month it may have to file for bankruptcy protection because of its inability to meet debt payments.
The city of Martinsville, Va., a customer of American Municipal Power, which has a 23% interest in Prairie State, filed a comment expressing concern that the sale would diminish the value of the southwestern Illinois facility and result in increased rates for its customers. The city said the sale price values the facility at about 80% less than the indebtedness for which the communities are liable under their power sales agreements.
The commission declined Martinsville’s request to conduct an inquiry into whether the sale would create a hardship for the communities paying debt service, saying it was outside the scope of its merger review authority. In addition, the commission said that the commenters “fail to explain [how the sale] might result in increased rates for wholesale customers.”
VALLEY FORGE, Pa. — PJM moved the day-ahead energy market offer deadline to 10:30 a.m. from noon without incident April 1, PJM’s Adam Keech told the Market Implementation Committee Wednesday.
“We didn’t have many people complaining, ‘We missed the window,’” he said.
Offers were cleared in 2.5 hours on average, within the desired three-hour window. It helped that the system load was light, he said.
Commented Independent Market Monitor Joe Bowring: “We did notice that the liquidity of the gas market had not shifted to earlier in the morning just yet.”
But when he asked members if anyone else had observed the same, no one spoke up.
Members unanimously endorsed changes in how demand response is measured and verified in emergency situations.
Existing procedures, which use the hour before an event as the default customer baseline (CBL), can be inaccurate in the early morning or on days with multiple dispatches, PJM’s Pete Langbein said. It also can require a cumbersome administrative review process.
The new method changes the emergency energy default CBL from the hour before to the current default economic CBL.
It also eliminates the ability to create an economic registration after the fact and use the CBL to settle the event.
The new process is expected to measure energy load reduction more accurately and be consistent with the calculation of non-summer compliance under the new Capacity Performance model.
The changes were ready to be implemented in 2014, but PJM held off until the Supreme Court ruled that DR would remain in the energy market. (See Supreme Court Upholds FERC Jurisdiction over DR.)
Allocating Spot-in Service for NYISO Imports to be Studied
With seven abstentions, the committee approved a problem statement and issue charge to study how to improve the process of allocating spot-in transmission for energy imports from NYISO.
Vitol’s Joe Wadsworth, who presented the proposal, said the timing of the markets and the first-come-first-serve method of reserving spot-in transmission make it difficult for participants to efficiently schedule such imports.
PJM opens the window to reserving next-day spot-in service at 9 a.m., but NYISO doesn’t release its day-ahead market results until at least 9:35 a.m. and sometimes as late as 11 a.m., Wadsworth said.
Thus, participants who use spot-in transmission to compete on near-term import supply opportunities at the seam may have to reserve the service before they find out what has cleared in NYISO, he said.
Spot-in is free but limited in quantity, and there is no priority for participants who have cleared the NYISO market.
“If you can’t get spot-in transmission for your imports, then your day-ahead transactions can be curtailed, and suddenly you may have exposure to real-time prices,” he said.
Work on the issue is expected to take six to nine months.
No one voiced similar concerns with MISO at the meeting.
Changes to Emergency Procedures Tool Coming in May
Members received an update on PJM’s emergency procedures, which are changing because of the June 1 implementation of Capacity Performance.
Initial adjustments will be visible in the online emergency procedures tool on May 5 so they may be used for the summer emergency procedures drill, which is scheduled for May 10.
More changes will come on May 26. They include new fields, tabs, timestamps and flags giving members information on performance assessment hours.
Also new is a “deploy all resources” action for emergency events that occur without warning as opposed to evolving over time. The purpose of the action is to instruct members to dispatch all generation resources and implement load reductions immediately.
24-hour Max Run Time Parameter Set for June 1
PJM intends to implement a maximum run time parameter value of 24 hours June 1 for all generation resources except for pumped hydro power and market sellers who believe their resource cannot meet that value.
Supporting documents must include original equipment manufacturer specifications of unit constraints.
Max run time values will be issued by May 15.
Settlement C Discussion Terminated
Members voted to approve the Market Settlement Subcommittee’s request to stop work on establishing a “Settlement C” method that would allow electricity distribution companies to resolve billing errors beyond the 60-day Settlement B time frame.
The group had been working on the issue since September.
In a subcommittee poll of 22 responders representing 119 participants, 40% voted to continue to develop a solution, while the rest chose maintaining the status quo. At the MIC, 64% voted to kill the initiative.
PJM Proposes Clarifications to Bilateral Transactions
PJM proposed revised rules regarding bilateral capacity transactions that would maintain the physical nature of the deals to ensure members’ indemnification.
In such transactions, a seller transfers capacity to a buyer but retains the obligation for performance. (See “PJM Proposes Clarifications to Capacity Bilateral Transactions,” PJM Market Implementation Committee Briefs.)
The proposal assigns bonus payments to the buyer in proportion to the megawatts transacted. It also requires that any replacement transactions entered into by the seller be traceable. Therefore, this would not be able to be done in an incremental auction.
“If they went into an incremental auction to do this, all the parties would lose the visibility of who now is [providing the capacity that was] originally part of the bilateral,” Assistant General Counsel Jen Tribulski said. “We thought that these transactions would be best served if the seller was able to replace them, but not by an incremental auction.”
Idaho Power on Wednesday signed an agreement with CAISO to become the sixth utility to join the western Energy Imbalance Market (EIM).
The Boise-based company, which serves about 525,000 customers in southern Idaho and a portion of eastern Oregon, expects an April 2018 start date, pending approval from federal and state regulators.
Inclusion of Idaho Power would bring an additional 4,800 miles of transmission into the EIM while improving the market’s access to an area of Wyoming that renewable developers — including EIM member PacifiCorp — seek to tap for wind projects intended to serve the West Coast.
“The market already has proven itself to increase network efficiency, lower costs and encourage cleaner energy into the power grid,” CAISO CEO Steve Berberich said in a statement. “With each new entrant, the market will only multiply those benefits.”
CAISO launched the EIM in November 2014 in partnership with the Portland-based PacifiCorp, which operates more than 16,000 miles of transmission spanning 10 states. Unlike in an RTO, the EIM’s transmission-owning entities retain operational control over their assets, while member generators participate in the real-time market on a voluntary basis.
Nevada-based NV Energy joined the EIM in December 2015, broadening the market’s footprint and filling a transmission gap between load centers in California and generating resources located in the PacifiCorp East (PACE) balancing area. (See NV Energy has Smooth EIM Integration, CAISO Says.)
“With the entry of NV Energy, [CAISO] transfer capacity with PACE has gone from around 200 MW to 571 MW,” Eric Hildebrandt, CAISO director of market monitoring, said during an April 6 Regional Issues Forum held in Portland. “This has really been a game changer.”
Idaho Power’s membership could provide a similar — if more limited — enhancement to the market. The utility’s service territory sits adjacent to both the NV Energy and PACE balancing areas, providing increased transfer capability with the remote northeastern corner of PACE, the wind-rich area of western Wyoming.
Although wind developers see the region as a promising source of wind exports, transmission constraints — and California’s restrictions on renewable imports not delivered directly into an in-state balancing area — have impeded development of large-scale projects to serve California. Idaho’s entry into the EIM, along with possible ISO membership for PacifiCorp, could open the door for development as CAISO’s boundary effectively extends eastward, expanding RPS eligibility for a larger pool of resources.
In a deal that seemed to anticipate yesterday’s announcement, Idaho Power and PacifiCorp last year swapped $43 million in Idaho and Wyoming transmission assets, reallocating ownership of lines and equipment designed to move power westward from the massive Jim Bridger coal-fired generating plant. One result of the deal: PacifiCorp gained access to an additional 200 MW of “dynamic service” out of western Wyoming, short-term transfer capability that facilitates integration of variable renewable resources. For its part, Idaho Power expected the new arrangement to boost its transmission revenues, reducing the company’s revenue requirement from ratepayers.
Two other Northwest utilities will precede Idaho Power into the EIM. Washington-based Puget Sound Energy is scheduled to join this October, followed by Portland General Electric in October 2017.
MISO will not build an application programming interface (API) to provide five-minute schedule data to customers.
“MISO is not recommending to pursue this function at this time,” MISO’s Matt Schingle said during an April 5 Market Subcommittee meeting.
At the December MSC, Kansas City Power and Light requested creation of an API to retrieve market participants’ physical schedules from webTrans or the e-tag system.
Schingle said too few stakeholders wanted the change for it to be cost-effective. “This year, there’s not enough flex in the budget for this kind of cost,” he said. MISO’s vendor estimated the API would cost $150,000 to develop.
Schingle said the raw data is already available through customers’ internal market software, although MISO does not provide a function allowing customers to retrieve schedule profiles.
MISO could begin publishing monthly price forecasts for MISO-PJM Coordinated Transaction Scheduling (CTS) as early as May 13, according to Beibei Li of MISO’s market evaluation and design team.
Designed to reduce uneconomic power flows, CTS will allow traders to submit bids that would clear only when the price difference between MISO and PJM exceeds a threshold set by the bidder.
Li said MISO expects to publish the final CTS price forecast report template by April 22 and is seeking MSC feedback by April 19.
Dave Johnston of the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission asked if CTS transactions would be subject to uplift. Li said MISO did not believe that uplift charges would apply.
CTS came under criticism in a recent Independent Market Monitor quarterly report, with Monitor David Patton contending the program is currently “accomplishing very little” because of poor forecasting and fees imposed by PJM. Patton said PJM’s charges at the seams were similar to MISO’s revenue sufficiency guarantee payments.
While Patton said the Monitor supports MISO’s FERC filing to add CTS to its Tariff (ER16-533), his group filed comments asking the commission to require that PJM eliminate all uplift charges. MISO has already proposed excluding charges such as the revenue sufficiency guarantee and revenue neutrality uplift.
Patton said CTS is “much more liquid and effective” without uplift charges, as illustrated by trading across NYISO’s seams with ISO-NE and PJM.
“We’re hoping that FERC reads our filing and orders PJM to eliminate all charges,” he said.
The Monitor is also working with MISO and PJM to develop proposals for firm capacity delivery as an alternative to pseudo-tying resources to PJM, Patton said.
“I continue to be amazed that PJM thinks this pseudo-tie requirement is necessary,” he said. “They’re not thinking of what’s best for the Eastern Interconnect.”
MISO will pseudo-tie about 2,000 MW of new generation into PJM for the 2016/17 planning year and more than 2,500 MW during the next two planning cycles. Only 155 MW of new generation was pseudo-tied in the 2015/16 planning year.
Need for 30-Minute Reserve Product Questioned
MISO is revisiting the merits of developing a 30-minute reserve product despite stakeholder questions about the need for the requirement.
The RTO is reviving the idea because natural gas generators are being used increasingly as baseload resources, rather than just meeting peak demand.
MISO has assigned the project “medium” priority on its Market Roadmap, with evaluation expected to be complete by the end of the third quarter, according to Leonard Ashley of MISO’s market evaluation and design team. He said the project would emerge as a major market implementation if developed.
The 30-minute reserve product would be designed to respond to a large loss of generation within a constrained area, said Jeff Bladen, executive director of market design. He said the product was a “necessary evolution of market design” and could address systemwide reliability instead of local reliability.
Bill SeDoris, director of MISO integration for Northern Indiana Public Service Co., asked if the issue could be solved simply with use of an increased reserve requirement.
“That’s one way to do it,” MISO’s Kevin Larson responded. “I don’t think that’s the most economic way to do it.”
Bladen said the RTO’s initial assessment shows that creating a 30-minute reserve is less costly than carrying additional spinning reserves or regulation reserves.
Thomas Sikes of WPPI Energy asked if MISO could replicate its 2013 report that concluded a short-term reserve product was unnecessary.
Ashley said MISO is just beginning to evaluate the project, and conceptual design wouldn’t start until late this year.
“We didn’t mean to give the impression that the ship has been built and set sail. … We definitely haven’t made the decision that a 30-minute product is the way to go,” Ashley said.
FTR Working Group may be Absorbed by MSC
Brad Arnold, chair of the Financial Transmission Rights Working Group, said his group is considering merging with the Market Subcommittee due to light agendas and infrequent meetings. The group last met Jan. 8.
Arnold said the working group would meet to discuss possible 2016 initiatives and figure out if there are enough to justify the group’s existence.
MISO to Hold August Market Symposium
Bladen reported that MISO would hold a first-ever market symposium Aug. 18-19. Bladen said the symposium would center on two main themes: shifting environmental regulations (Day One) and the future of distributed resources (Day Two). He said the symposium will be “taking the temperature” of the industry by bringing in experts from around the country to speak.
Registration instructions will be posted sometime this week.
The MSC also approved the Seams Management Working Group’s largely unchanged charter.
FERC last week rejected Michigan Electric Transmission Co.’s rehearing request regarding a western Michigan wind farm’s interconnection agreement with MISO (ER16-33-001).
Lake Winds Energy Park Source: Lake Winds Energy Park
The April 6 order concerns Consumers Energy’s 100-MW Lake Winds Energy Park, which went into operation in 2012. METC argued that the generator interconnection agreement was executed in violation of MISO’s queue procedures and FERC Order 2003, which standardized interconnection agreements.
Lake Winds is interconnected to power lines that were classified as state-jurisdictional distribution facilities when it went into operation. Last April, FERC granted Consumers’ request to reclassify those lines to commission-jurisdictional transmission facilities.
METC said the order created a “jurisdictional loophole in the commission’s interconnection rules” because it permitted a wholesale generator to follow state interconnection procedures.
“What METC argues is a ‘loophole’ is a description of the jurisdictional boundary between federal and state interconnection rules, including Order No. 2003,” FERC wrote in rejecting its request.
FERC also said Order 2003 doesn’t apply to the MISO and Lake Winds GIA. “Order No. 2003 did not govern the interconnection of the Lake Winds facility in 2012, and therefore MISO’s queue procedures implementing Order No. 2003 similarly did not govern the project’s interconnection at that time,” the commission wrote.
METC had argued that the commission’s determination that Lake Winds’ interconnection was not subject to Order 2003 was arbitrary and capricious.
VALLEY FORGE, Pa. — Interconnection customers would be required to provide more documentation earlier to ensure consideration of their projects under proposed changes to the queue submittal process.
The recommendations came out of the Earlier Queue Submittal Task Force, which was convened after current rules — which charge nonrefundable fees that escalate later in the queue window — were found to be ineffective in incenting earlier applications. (See “Still Searching for Ways to Incent Early Project Submissions,” PJM Planning Committee Briefs.)
Early on, the task force decided that it would have little luck trying to change human behavior and instead focused on the objective of being able to start building models for the projects, PJM’s Dave Egan said.
The thinking led to a number of proposed changes.
Currently, queue priority is assigned based on the date the application and deposit are submitted, and supporting documentation is not required. Under the new rules, priority would not be secured until all required elements of a project, including site control, were submitted.
PJM would perform a deficiency review only after all the elements, aside from site control, were in hand.
Applications would have to clear their deficiencies by the close of the queue window or be terminated. PJM would codify in the Tariff that it has five business days to review a deficiency response.
Project deposits would become chargeable immediately upon application, and instead of socializing the cost of applications that fail to clear their deficiencies, PJM would charge the customer.
Instead of having a different fee structure for large generation and small generation, the nonrefundable amount would be 10% of the overall fee for all projects, and the refundable portion would be spent by PJM first.
PJM also proposes to move the opening of queue windows to April from May and to October from November as soon as this fall. That will improve the opportunity of generation to participate in the May Base Residual Auction, Egan said.
The Planning Committee will be asked to vote on the changes in May.
Reference Model for CPP Study Introduced
PJM introduced the reference model it will use to study the economic and reliability implications of the Clean Power Plan.
The study was requested by the Organization of PJM States.
PJM’s energy and capacity prices and its generation mix would be affected by differing Clean Power Plan scenarios.
At Thursday’s Transmission Expansion Advisory Committee meeting (TEAC), PJM also presented results of sensitivities conducted on the reference model that assumed state renewable portfolio standards and gas prices averaging $3.43/MMBtu through 2037. (The reference case assumes an average of $5.14/MMBtu.)
Among the key observations, PJM found that high capacity prices will allow natural gas combined cycles to enter the market despite low energy prices, while coal and nuclear resources will increase their dependence on the capacity market to recover their costs.
Wind and solar will be able to grow in a low-gas-price environment as long as renewable portfolio standards are enforced. PJM also predicts that lower gas prices will result in a reduction of carbon emissions through increased retirements of coal plants and the entry of new gas combined cycle plants.
PJM expects to release a final report by the end of May.
Year’s First Proposal Window Draws 26 Projects
The first competitive transmission proposal window of the year drew 26 projects from seven entities.
The projects address generator deliverability, common mode outage violations and end-of-life facilities.
Three are transmission owner upgrades ranging in cost from $7.7 million to $48.5 million. Twenty-three are greenfield projects with cost estimates of $15.6 million to $111.5 million.
More details will be provided at a future TEAC meeting.
PJM collected about $190,000 to study the projects under its new proposal fee structure. (See “Two-tiered Fee Schedule for Order 1000 Projects OK’d,” PJM Markets and Reliability Committee Briefs.)
Proposal Would Exclude TO Upgrades from Order 1000 Window
PJM is proposing to exclude certain transmission owner upgrades from the Order 1000 competitive window process. They include typical short-circuit violations and fixes to substation terminal equipment such as wave traps, current transformers and capacitors.
“We’re looking at situations where the upgrade is only a modest upgrade to equipment inside a substation,” said Steve Herling, PJM vice president of planning. “Our intention is to not have a window for something we know can be easily fixed.”
Few baseline projects driven by short circuits have resulted in a greenfield project, said PJM’s Mark Sims, who plans to present proposed changes on a first read next month at the Planning and Markets and Reliability committees.
A federal appeals court Wednesday unanimously upheld FERC Order 1000’s right-of-first-refusal provisions, rejecting challenges from the MISO Transmission Owners and LSP Transmission Holdings.
The 7th Circuit Court of Appeals in Chicago ruled after consolidating a challenge by the transmission owners, who sought to preserve the ROFR in the MISO transmission agreement (14‐2153), with two by LSP that contended FERC did not go far enough in injecting competition into transmission development (14‐2533, 15‐1316).
MISO ROFR
The three-judge panel was especially critical of the TO’s challenge to Order 1000’s requirement that federal ROFRs be removed from FERC jurisdictional tariffs. Invoking the Mobile-Sierra doctrine, the TOs said FERC should presume that their contractual ROFR is reasonable.
7th Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Richard A. Posner
“But why?” Judge Richard A. Posner asked in the opinion. “The owners have made no effort to show that the right is in the public interest. Neither in their briefs nor at oral argument were they able to articulate any benefit that such a right would (with limited exceptions …) confer on consumers of electricity or on society as a whole. … Contract rights are not sacred, especially when they curtail competition.”
The TOs contended that their ROFR was not intended to prevent competition but to give MISO power to require TOs to build needed facilities in their service territories. “But that makes no sense,” the court said. “Had there been no intention or expectation of competition, there would have been no need for a right of first refusal.”
Baseline Reliability Projects
In the second case, LSP asked the court to overturn FERC’s decision to allow a TO the right to build any baseline reliability projects whose costs are allocated to that company’s territory alone and not subject to regional cost allocation. FERC justified this exception on the grounds that requiring competition on such projects — which often require quick turnarounds — could lead to delays because of the time required to conduct bidding and the potential for litigation by losing bidders.
LSP said reliability projects covering more than one pricing zone should be considered regional and thus open for competition.
“But a transmission facility is not regional for purposes of cost allocation if all its costs are allocated to the pricing zone in which it is located,” the court said. “A right of first refusal would be problematic, therefore, only if the benefits of a baseline reliability project were largely or entirely realized in pricing zones other than the one in which the project was to be built.”
State ROFRs, Entergy
LSP raised a related complaint in the third suit, challenging FERC’s decision to treat the entire Entergy footprint — Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana and Mississippi — as a “local” area not subject to competition and regional cost allocation.
“The vast region covered by Entergy’s multiple operating companies hardly complies with the usual understanding of ‘local,’” the court acknowledged. “But ‘local’ need not retain its usual understanding when used to designate the service area of a giant electrical transmission entity. It is a relative term; New York City is a huge city yet as a matter of scale is ‘local’ relative to New York state, or to the Northeast. Entergy’s retail distribution service territories can be said to be ‘local’ for a different reason: the separate operating companies actually operate as one and have so operated for more than 50 years.”
LSP also challenged FERC’s approval of MISO rules implementing Order 1000, including its rules for evaluating competitive bids, which consider not only the project’s estimated cost but also its design and the quality of the bidder’s management.
The court rejected LSP’s desire to make cost the primary criteria for selection, saying, “There is no indication that any of MISO’s criteria favor incumbent developers over nonincumbent ones who have demonstrated an equal ability to execute a project effectively.”
The judges also upheld MISO’s acknowledgment of state ROFRs, over which FERC has no jurisdiction. LSP cited a Minnesota law that grants an incumbent TO the right to construct, own and maintain any lines that connect to the TO’s system.
“It would be a waste of time for MISO to conduct a protracted competitive bidding and evaluation process when the incumbent transmission company has a right of first refusal conferred by state law,” the court said.
The 7th Circuit’s ruling is the second to uphold Order 1000’s removal of federal ROFRs, following one by the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals in August 2014 that consolidated more than a dozen cases. (See FERC Order 1000 Upheld.)
There are at least six pending cases involving compliance by PJM, Columbia Grid, ISO-NE, SPP and WestConnect in the D.C. Circuit and the 5th Circuit, according to FERC.
AUSTIN, Texas — ERCOT’s Technical Advisory Committee last week agreed on a method for paying lost opportunity costs to generators ordered to ramp down for grid reliability, a solution that will now go to the ISO’s Board of Directors.
Stakeholders discussed three options brought forth by ERCOT staff to address Nodal Protocol Revision Request 649 (Addressing Issues Surrounding High Dispatch Limit (HDL) Overrides), which was remanded back to TAC during the board’s February meeting. (See LOC Rule Sent Back to ERCOT’s Stakeholder Process.)
Staff’s preferred option was the first of three it presented: rewriting the NPRR’s language to replace compensation for opportunity costs with “justified” losses suffered by qualified scheduling entities (QSEs) holding existing contracts. The QSEs would have to provide an attestation of loss, calculations and supporting documentation to recover a claim.
A second option proposed software changes to override the resource node’s LMP, which would have created difficulties at the 98 nodes with at least two generator connections. The third, and priciest option, at $200,000 to $300,000 plus ongoing support, would pre-position manual constraints associated with each resource node in the system model.
As the discussion wore on, it became apparent stakeholders were coalescing on the first of ERCOT’s options.
“This seems to be a quickly diminishing issue,” said Shell Energy’s Greg Thurnher, representing independent power marketers. “It looks like Option 1 is the remedy.”
Whittle
“We think Option 1 is the way to go for now,” said Megawatt Analytics’ Brandon Whittle, speaking for Odessa-Ector Power Partners and Koch Services. “It puts the onus on the people who might get hurt. No generator wants to be paid back for their losses because of HDL overrides. We’d rather adjust the LMPs.”
The proposal passed by a 23-5 vote, with two abstentions. The NPRR will go before ERCOT’s board April 19. Staff will revise the revision request’s impact analysis and better define energy bilateral contracts.
Odessa-Ector, a subsidiary of Koch Ag & Energy Solutions, initiated discussion of the issue when it claimed its combined cycle plant had lost $300,000 because of three days of dispatch overrides in November 2012. ERCOT submitted the NPRR to satisfy a settlement agreement with Odessa-Ector after the company filed a complaint with the Public Utility Commission of Texas (docket #41790).
Luminant’s Amanda Frazier expressed a preference for an earlier version of the NPRR, which failed to secure sufficient votes. But she said that in subsequent discussions, “ERCOT has eliminated a number of concerns we originally had.
“The damages are limited to those attested to by the resources, and compensating the actual damages rather than the opportunity costs is a good compromise,” she said.
Resmi Surendran, ERCOT senior manager of market analytics and design, highlighted staff’s efforts to reduce HDL overrides, which peaked at more than 348,000 minutes in 2011. The numbers have steadily dropped since then, with only 57 minutes of overrides recorded last year.
Surendran attributed the improved results to increased operator training, their ability to enter manual constraints, the availability of new generic transmission constraints and topology improvements.
Whittle sought reassurance from ERCOT that the NPRR’s cost can be reduced from its current staff estimate of $100,000 to $150,000.
“We try to implement [any changes] at the minimum cost we can,” said Kenan Ögelman, ERCOT’s vice president of commercial operations. “We’ll definitely go back and see if we can’t reduce the cost. I just can’t give you a number, right now.”
The SPP Market Monitoring Unit’s State of the Market report for the winter months once again highlighted wind generation’s growing importance within the RTO’s footprint.
According to the report, which covered December 2015 through February 2016, wind generation accounted for 17.7% of SPP’s energy, a 43% increase from last winter. Wind generation accounted for 12.4% of energy production last winter and 10.2% during the winter of 2014.
As if to punctuate the point, SPP set a new wind peak during the evening hours of March 28, shortly after the market report was released. The RTO’s new wind peak of 10,809 MW at 9:22 p.m. CT broke the previous record of 10,783 MW, set March 21. Wind penetration reached 40.34% March 28, short of the 41.1% high set March 7.
Wind generation peaked in February, producing nearly 21% of SPP’s energy, according to the Monitor’s report. SPP has 12,397 MW of installed and available wind capacity in its footprint, with another 33,819 MW in various stages of development.
The increase in wind power came at the expense of coal generation, which saw the percentage of energy it produced fall to 46.3% for the month, down from 57% in February 2015.
The report said the increase in wind generation “comes [with] an increase in congestion.” Most congestion in the SPP footprint can be found in the “wind alley” of the Texas Panhandle, western Oklahoma and western Kansas.
The Monitor measures congestion by a constraint’s shadow price, “which reflects the intensity of congestion on the path represented by the flowgate.” It said the shadow price “indicates the marginal value of an additional megawatt of relief on a constraint in reducing the total production costs.”
Shadow prices reached almost $60/MWh on one flowgate and topped $40/MWh on at least two other flowgates.
The Monitor report also said gas costs continued to drop during the winter, with an average Panhandle Hub cost of $1.98/MMBtu, more than 30% lower than 2015 ($2.90/MMBtu) and nearly two-thirds lower than 2014 ($5.68/MMBtu).
The average real-time balancing market’s winter 2016 LMP was $17.82/MWh, down from $25.20/MWh in 2015. The day-ahead market’s average LMP was $18.33/MWh, down from $25.73/MWh last winter.
SPP, AECI Begin Biennial Joint-Study Process
SPP and Associated Electric Cooperative Inc. (AECI) began their biennial joint-study process with a call for stakeholder feedback and input on a proposed scope last week.
The SPP-AECI Interregional Stakeholder Advisory Committee (IPSAC) has identified several voltage and congestion issues in Missouri and Oklahoma, but the committee said April 1 it is giving stakeholders two to three weeks to comment on the scope. A separate meeting will be scheduled for the study scope’s formal endorsement.
The IPSAC will evaluate the SPP and AECI transmission systems and determine whether “mutually beneficial” joint projects exist. A joint planning committee comprising a representative from each staff will determine cost allocations on a case-by-case basis, with responsibility “assigned equitably” based on the constraint being resolved — and subject to approval of each region.
The two entities have been performing joint studies every other year since 2010, as outlined in their joint operating agreement. The 2014 study identified 463 potential needs along the SPP-AECI seam but resulted in no joint solutions.
Stakeholders asked staff whether this study might solve long-standing constraints in the Lake of the Ozarks region in central Missouri.
“We studied some alternatives in the last joint-study process related to a 345[-kV line] across this lakes area, but we did not see a lot of economic value or immediate reliability concerns a line across that area would solve,” said David Kelley, SPP’s director of interregional relations. “But constraints obviously move around, so we’re always willing to look at an alternative.”
James Vermillion, a senior planning engineer for AECI, said the association’s latest 10-year Long Range Transmission Plan has identified almost $40 million in improvements to maintain grid reliability. Still, that is down from the 2009-19 plan, which identified more than $221 million in projects.
AECI, based in Springfield, Mo., is owned by and provides wholesale power to six regional generation and transmission cooperatives.
SPP.org Wins Best Energy Website Award
SPP’s recently redesigned website has been honored as the Best Energy Website in the 2016 Internet Advertising Competition (IAC) Awards.
SPP.org was redesigned by Little Rock interactive agency Aristotle, which called the new site “a case study in responsive web design that combines great aesthetics and interactive technical features without sacrificing speed.”
The IAC Awards highlight the “best online advertising” in 96 industries and nine online formats, including video, newsletters, email and social media.
Central Hudson Gas & Electric appointed Michael L. Mosher as CEO, effective April 1. He succeeds James P. Laurito, CEO since 2009, and who has been promoted to executive vice president of parent company Fortis. Laurito will remain on the Central Hudson board.
Mosher
Central Hudson board Chair Margarita K. Dilley said Mosher has the experience, knowledge and vision to propel the utility to new heights of accomplishment in a rapidly changing industry.
“Mike’s substantial and diverse background in operations and regulatory affairs has prepared him to assume the leadership of Central Hudson at a critical time in its evolution,” Dilley said. “We are confident that he will continue the momentum that our company has achieved during Jim’s outstanding tenure.”
SunEdison, saddled with nearly $10 billion in long-term debt, is at risk of filing for bankruptcy protection, one of its affiliates said.
In a Securities and Exchange Commission filing last Tuesday, TerraForm Global said “liquidity difficulties” mean that “there is a substantial risk that SunEdison will soon seek bankruptcy protection.” The company is also reportedly being investigated by SEC for possibly overstating to investors how much cash it had on hand in November.
Peabody, Arch Announce 465 Layoffs at 2 Wyo. Coal Mines
The two largest coal mines in the U.S., both in Wyoming, announced massive layoffs last week. Peabody Energy cut 235 people, or 15% of the workforce, March 31 at North Antelope Rochelle. Arch Coal said the same day it was cutting 15%, or 230 people, at its Black Thunder Mine.
Until now, Wyoming’s coal industry has largely avoided the massive cutbacks seen in Appalachian coal operations. The two mines, which produce about 100 million tons of coal a year, are generally regarded as among the most cost-effective mines in the country.
PacifiCorp to Close Coal Unit At Wyoming’s Kemmerer Plant
PacifiCorp has abandoned plans to convert a coal unit at its Naughton Plant in southwestern Wyoming to natural gas, saying it will now retire the unit at the end of 2017. The company said the move is a result of declining electricity demand and reflects the costs of installing environmental upgrades to meet federal haze requirements.
PacifiCorp’s initial plan had been to shutter Unit 3 for five months, starting at the end of 2017, and convert it to natural gas. The estimated cost of the conversion was $160 million. Natural gas had been a cheaper option for complying with regional haze requirements than upgrading the unit’s coal burning equipment under the Oregon-based utility’s initial calculations.
Aerojet Rocketdyne, Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corp. and Ouachita Electric Cooperative Corp. formally commissioned a 100-acre solar project in southern Arkansas last week. The 12-MW array located in an industrial park will supply power to Aerojet’s nearby facility.
The facility was completed in late 2015 and is capable of generating enough electricity to power the equivalent of 2,400 single-family homes. Excess solar energy will be sold in the wholesale power market.
DTE Proposes 10-Acre Solar Farm in Vacant Detroit Parcel
DTE Energy is proposing the development of a 10-acre solar array on a former playground in Detroit, which the utility said “could be one of the largest urban solar arrays in the U.S.”
The project, in Detroit’s Grandale neighborhood on the former O’Shea Park, would produce 2 MW, enough for 330 residential customers.
Consumers Energy: Cheapest Natural Gas in Almost 2 Decades
Consumers Energy has reported that its natural gas commodity price has fallen to its lowest level in 18 years.
Consumers’ natural gas commodity price for April is $2.54 per 1,000 cubic feet, which represents the most inexpensive rate since March 1998. Consumers estimates that the average residential customer paid $250 less this winter on natural gas bills.
“The price for natural gas that we’ll put into effect in April continues a decade of falling costs,” said Tim Sparks, the utility’s vice president of energy supply operations.
Solar Capacity Awarded to 4 Companies in Tenn. Project
The Tennessee Valley Authority, together with the Tennessee Valley Public Power Association, has awarded 16.7 MW of solar capacity to four local power companies for projects expected to generate enough electricity to supply more than 1,300 homes.
The projects were chosen from 11 proposals that are part of the Distributed Solar Solutions pilot project. TVA has more than 400 MW of solar power under contract.
Duke Energy Asks to Upgrade Ohio River Hydro Station
Duke Energy is seeking permission to modernize its Markland Hydro Station on the Ohio River near Florence, Ind. The company wants to replace three hydroelectric turbines, generators and related equipment.
If the proposal is approved by the Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission, work on the hydro station could begin this summer and last until mid-2020.
“The generating units at Markland Hydro have served our customers well with clean, renewable energy since 1967,” said Melody Birmingham-Byrd, president of Duke Energy Indiana. “As we move toward increasingly cleaner energy, these modernized generation units will harness more of the renewable resources of the Ohio River for many years to come.”
SandRidge Energy Flirting With Bankruptcy Decision
SandRidge Energy, an Oklahoma City oil and gas exploration company, has informed the Securities and Exchange Commission that it has talked with advisers about the possibility of filing for bankruptcy. Plunging natural gas prices and depressed energy demand have left a number of energy companies with onerous debt burdens.
The company laid off nearly 200 employees, including three executives, earlier this month. It has outstanding loans of nearly $600 million.
Berkshire Power Pleads Guilty To Emissions Violations
Berkshire Power, the operator of a Western Massachusetts power plant, has agreed to plead guilty and pay $8.5 million for tampering with air pollution monitoring equipment and reporting false data about emissions levels.
Federal prosecutors say that employees at Berkshire Power in Agawam, Mass., manipulated the emissions monitoring system between January 2009 and March 2011 to conceal excess emissions. The actions were violations of the federal Clean Air Act.
The plant’s managers also violated the Federal Power Act for lying to ISO-NE about the plant’s availability to produce power, the first-ever criminal charges under that statute, according to the Justice Department.